10
2022
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01
In two minutes, understand the four fires in industry (Annealing, Normalizing, Quenching, Tempering)
The four fires in industry can be summarized in simpler terms as follows: Annealing: giving metal a "full body massage" by heating it and then slowly cooling it down. Normalizing: allowing the metal to "strengthen and condition" by heating it and then cooling it in the air. Quenching: making the metal "harden rapidly" by heating it and then suddenly placing it in water or oil for quick cooling. Tempering: "reducing the fire" of the quenched metal by reheating it and then cooling it again.
The four fires in industry can be summarized in a more common way as:Annealing: It is like giving the metal a"full body massage," heating the metal and then slowly cooling it.Normalizing: It allows the metal to "strengthen and condition," heating the metal and then cooling it in the air.Quenching: It allows the metal to "rapid hardening," heating the metal and then suddenly placing it in water or oil for quick cooling.Tempering: It is to give the quenched metal a "cool down," heating it again and then cooling it.
Annealing:
Annealing is a heat treatment process that involves heating metal materials to a certain temperature, using different holding times based on the material and workpiece size, and then slowly cooling it. It can help the internal structure of the metal reach or approach a balanced state,offsettinginternal stress, reducing hardness, and improving plasticity and toughness.
Normalizing:
Normalizing is a heat treatment process that involves heating metal materials to the critical point (above AC3, 30 to 50 degrees), holding for an appropriate time, and then cooling in the air. It can achieve a finer structure than annealing, increase hardness and strength, improve cutting performance, and can also be used for heat treatment of parts with lower requirements.Quenching is a heat treatment process that involves heating metal workpieces to a certain temperature, holding for a certain time, and then rapidly immersing them in water, oil, or other quenching media for rapid cooling. This allows the overcooled austenite to transform into martensite or bainite, obtaining martensitic or bainitic structures, significantly increasing the rigidity, hardness, and wear resistance of steel parts, but it can make the steel parts brittle and generate internal stress.
Quenching:
Tempering is the process of heating quenched steel parts to a certain range below the critical temperature (ranging from 150 to 650℃), holding at an appropriate temperature for a long time, and then cooling. The purpose of tempering is to reduce the brittleness caused by quenching, adjust the balance of hardness and toughness, and improve the performance and stability of the workpiece.
Tempering:
Tempering refers to heating the quenched steel parts to a certain range below the critical temperature (ranging from 150-650℃), using the appropriate temperature for long-term thermal insulation, and then cooling.The purpose of tempering is to reduce the brittleness of steel parts, offsetting the internal stress generated by quenching, adjust the balance of hardness and toughness, and improve the performance and stability of the workpiece.
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