Detailed Operation of the Spring Machine

1.The adjustment of the spring machine can be divided into individual adjustments of each mechanism and overall adjustments that connect each mechanism together. When adjusting the coil spring machine, the required tools, such as wires, feeding rollers, various cams, mandrels, cutters, and push rods, should be correctly selected and installed first. Then, adjustments should be made item by item according to the process requirements. The content of individual adjustments is as follows:

1.Adjustment of the outer diameter of the spring:
    This mainly involves adjusting the outer diameter mechanism. When coiling cylindrical springs, the push rod is either fixed or rotated to a suitable position, and only the inside or outside of the push rod needs to be adjusted, so there is no need to install a variable diameter cam, making the adjustment relatively simple. For conical springs and middle convex springs, a variable diameter cam must be installed.
    Coiling conical springs starts from the small diameter end to the large diameter end. The operation process of the variable diameter cam is fromtoThe transition from high point to low point causes the push rod to continuously retract, forming a transition from small diameter circles to large diameter circles. After the feeding process ends and is cut off, the push rod returns to the position of coiling the small end, starting a new cycle.
A. Grinding of the mandrel:
    In a double push rod spring machine, the mandrel only serves the purpose of cutting the spring, so it is sometimes also called a core cutter, and its grinding is relatively simple. The outer diameter of the mandrel should be smaller than the inner diameter of the spring, but not too small, otherwise it will cause the spring to have a flat head phenomenon during cutting. At the same time, the gap between the cutter and the mandrel should not be too large.
B. Adjustment of the push rod:
    The push rod controls the diameter of the spring. When the upper push rod moves towards the mandrel, the diameter of the spring decreases, and vice versa. When the lower push rod moves towards the mandrel, the diameter increases, and vice versa.
2.Adjustment of feeding length and total number of turns:
    The feeding length depends on the number of teeth of the selected gear. For spring machines with incomplete gear feeding, the number of teeth of the incomplete gear controls the length of the spring's expansion.
    The number of teeth of the gear (Z) = the expanded length of the spring (mm) / feeding coefficient.
    The expanded length of the spring (L) = (outer diameter of the spring - wire diameter) × ∏ × total number of turns.
    After obtaining the required gear, install the flange (note that the gap position of the gear should be left at the working position of the cutter) to achieve the required total number of turns.
3.Adjustment of free height, pitch, and effective number of turns:
    The length adjustment of the spring has two types: internal push and external pitch. Internal push adjusts the straight rod inside to push the needle to open the spring, thus adjusting the pitch of the spring. This is also done through the movement of the uneven height cam, using the principle of leverage to push the straight rod and open the pitch. The length pushed out by the rod can be adjusted by the screw under the jumping rod driven by the cam; external pitch is driven by the cam to move the pitch cutter, pushing the spring.
    The free height and pitch are adjusted by the adjustment screw under the pitch cutter. When the adjustment screw is turned down, the height decreases and the pitch becomes smaller. Conversely, it becomes longer and the pitch increases. The effective number of turns is adjusted by the variable pitch cam. The larger the working surface of the cam's high point, the more effective turns increase, and vice versa.
4.Adjustment of the tightness between supporting rings:
    When coiling compression springs, it is required that the two ends of the rings are tight, and there are certain requirements for the length of the tight fit, otherwise it will affect the working characteristics of the spring. The tightness at the tight fit position also requires a certain tightness to prevent gaps at the ends. In the case of coiling tension springs with initial tension, it is also required that there should be no gaps between the rings. Both situations require adjustment of the tightness at the ring fitting position.
    When debugging the tightness of this series of spring machines, first check if the wire is in a straight line to allow the steel wire to pass smoothly, then adjust the angle of the push rod. When the upper push rod rotates inward, the tightness increases; conversely, there will be gaps. However, the tightness should not be too great to avoid increasing the diameter when it touches the wire plate.
5.Adjustment of the cutting mechanism:
    The cutting mechanism uses a vertical cutting method with the core to work simultaneously, completing the cutting of the spring product. The gap between the cutter and the cutting plane of the mandrel should be0.05mm-0.1mm. If the gap is too large, it will produce cutting burrs. The cutting plane should pass through the center of the spring ring; otherwise, it will cause deformation of the end ring during cutting or make the size of the coiled yellow center unstable. When coiling large winding ratio springs, the size of the mandrel can be increased to also serve the purpose of supporting the spring ring.
2. Selection and reasonable use of coiling work:
    The tools of the spring machine mainly include feeding rollers, guide plates, push rods, cams, mandrels, cutters, pitch cutters, and incomplete gears. Whether the tool selection is reasonable will directly affect the quality of the coiling.

Precautions:
1.Check whether the direction of the motor is consistent with the direction of the machine's chain wheel.
2.The first tooth of the incomplete gear should be half a tooth lower than the second tooth, serving as a transition tooth; otherwise, it will collide.
3.Before starting the machine, the handwheel must be turned first to check if the operation is normal.